Anode (+) components and function.

• A. Molybdenum focusing cup; focuses electrons.
• B. Copper stem; helps dissipate heat.
• C. Tungsten target and copper stem; converts electron energy to photons and dissipates heat.
• D. Power supply; controls emission.

Answer: (C)

The main idea here is what the anode does in an X-ray tube. The anode is the positive electrode and its job is to receive electrons coming from the cathode and convert their energy into X-ray photons while also handling the resulting heat. The tungsten target is used because tungsten has a very high atomic number and a very high melting point, so it efficiently produces X-rays when struck by high-energy electrons and can withstand the intense heat. The copper stem acts as a good heat conductor, carrying that heat away from the target to prevent overheating. So this combination—tungsten target plus copper stem—is precisely what the anode needs to generate X-rays and to dissipate the heat produced during imaging. The other options describe components related to emission control or cathode-side functions, which don’t capture the anode’s dual role of photon production and heat management.